1. 体现“医疗，疗愈”（v.）
medicate, remedy, recuperate
remedy 侧重于根除疾病或病患，强调成效。remedy sb. for …
There is no remedy for her impatience with Anna. 她对安娜的不耐烦根本无法根治。（纠正某人的不良习性）
recuperate （伤口或骨折）康复，痊愈
It took three months for my arm to recuperate completely. 我的胳膊需要三个月才能完全康复。
medicate 普遍用语，指运用药物、手术等方式治疗疾病或创伤。medicate sb. with sth.
2. 体现“谢绝”（v.）
decline, repel, deny, discard, turn down, say no, give sb/sth the thumbs down
deny 拒绝（某人做某事或进入某地）
He was denied entry to the US. 他被拒绝进入美国。
decline 【正式】指委婉地拒绝他人的帮助、邀请等。
Although poor, Mr. Brown declined a substantial sum of money from the charity. 布朗先生虽然经济拮据，却委婉地拒绝了慈善机构的一大笔捐款。
discard 指拒绝接受或考虑某事，或指由于不令人满意而不接受、不录取等。
My brother was discarded by the army because of his poor eyesight. 我弟弟因为视力不佳未能入伍。
give sb/sth the thumbs down 【非正式】拒绝[反对] 某人/某事物（指计划或建议）
The proposal was given the thumbs down by the local authority. 该提案遭到地方当局反对。
3. 体现“延缓，延期”（v.）
delay, postpone, set back, hold back
delay 多指因外在因素而延缓或耽搁，有时也指有意延缓。
The rain delayed the opening ceremony for one hour. 大雨使开幕式推迟了1个小时。
He decided to delay his decision until he had seen the full report. 他决定延缓作出决定，直到看到完整的报告。
postpone 多指有计划地延期，通常会明确延期到何时。
They planned to postpone their trip until the spring. 他们打算把旅行延期到春天。
set back 与delay 和postpone 相比不那么正式，常用语日常英语。
The game has been set back till next week. 比赛推迟到下周举行。
hold back 推迟
House buyers seem to be holding back until interest rates drop. 房屋买家似乎在等利率下跌后再出手。
4. 体现“分离，分手，决裂”
separate, split up (with)
separate 多指使紧密相连的人或物分开，指父母和子女分开时多用被动语态（be separated from）。
She hated being separated from the children. 她不愿和孩子们分离。
split up （婚姻、关系）破裂
Has Sam really split up with Lucy? 萨姆真的和露西分手了吗？