
初中英语形容词和副词比较级和最高级的详解
规则变化概述:
对于单音节词和少数双音节词,构成比较级是在词尾加-er,而最高级则是加-est。例如:tall(高的)-taller-tallest。例如句子:My brother is taller than me.(我哥哥比我高。)The giraffe is the tallest animal in the zoo.(长颈鹿是动物园里最高的动物。)
当词以不发音的e结尾时,无论是单音词还是少数以-le结尾的双音节词,只需要加-r和-st。例如:nice(好的)-nicer-nicest。例如句:This flower is nicer than that one.(这朵花比那朵花更美观。)It is the nicest dress in the shop.(这是商店里最好看的裙子。)
对于以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词,需要改变y为i,然后再加-er和-est。例如:busy(忙的)-busier-busiest。例如句:My mother is busier than my father.(我妈妈比我爸爸更忙。)She is the busiest person in our family.(她是我们家最忙的人。)
对于重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,需要双写这个辅音字母,然后再加-er和-est。例如:big(大的)-bigger-biggest。例如句:This box is bigger than that one.(这个盒子比那个盒子更大。)It is the biggest apple in the basket.(这是篮子里最大的苹果。)
对于多音节词和部分双音节词,构成比较级是在前面加more,而最高级则是加most。例如:beautiful(美丽的)-more beautiful-most beautiful。例如句:The park is more beautiful than before.(公园比以前更漂亮。)It is one of the most beautiful parks in the city.(它是这个城市里最美丽的公园之一。)
不规则变化:
对于good/well(好的),其比较级是better,最高级是best。例如:This book is better than that one.(这本书比那本书更好。)It is the best movie I have ever seen.(这是我看过的最好的电影。)
对于bad/ill(坏的;有病的),其比较级是worse,最高级是worst。例如:His condition is worse than yesterday.(他的情况比昨天更糟。)This is the worst accident in this area.(这是这个地区最严重的。)
对于many/much(多的),其比较级是more,最高级是most。例如:I have more books than my sister.(我比妹妹有更多的书。)He has the most friends in his class.(他在班里朋友最多。)
对于little(少的),其比较级是less,最高级是least。例如:There is less water in this bottle than in that one.(这个瓶子里的水比那个瓶子少。)This is the least expensive dress in the shop.(这是商店里最便宜的裙子。)
对于far(远的),其比较级是farther或further,最高级是farthest或furthest。例如:My school is farther from my home than his school.(我的学校离我家比他的学校远。)This is the farthest place I have ever been to.(这是我去过的最远的地方。)
特殊用法及例句:
